Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Licochalcone A suppresses pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression by targeting eEF2K-mediated pyroptosis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1595686

Figure Lengend Snippet: LHA induces pyroptosis through targeting eEF2K in PDAC cells. (A) Molecular docking of LHA on eEF2K protein. Predicted two-dimensional and three-dimensional crystal structures of LHA (PubChem CID: 5318998) and the eEF2K (PDB ID: 7SHQ) complex. (B) MIA PaCa-2 and BxPc3 cell lines were treated with LHA (0, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 μM) for 48 h. The expressions of eEF2K, p-eEF2, and eEF2 were examined using Western blotting. Data were expressed as mean ± S.D. of at least three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 vs. control. (C) MIA PaCa-2 and BxPc3 cell lines were transfected using lentivirus vectors with the overexpressed human eEF2K gene, and the images were captured using the fluorescent microscope after 72 h of transfection. (D) MIA PaCa-2 and BxPc3 with or without eEF2K overexpression. The expressions of eEF2K were examined using Western blotting. Data were expressed as mean ± S.D. of at least three independent experiments. **p < 0.01 vs. control. (E) The cell viability of MIA PaCa-2 and BxPc3 cell lines with or without overexpression of eEF2K was examined using MTT assay. Data were expressed as mean ± S.D. of at least three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 vs. control. # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, and ### p < 0.001 vs. overexpression eEF2K with the same LHA concentration. (F) MIA PaCa-2 and BxPc3 with or without eEF2K overexpression with LHA (0 and 12.5 μM) for 48 h. The expressions of eEF2K, GSDMD-N, GSDME-N, and IL-1β were examined using Western blotting. Data were expressed as mean ± S.D. of at least three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 vs. control. ## p < 0.01 and ### p < 0.001 vs. overexpression eEF2K with the same LHA concentration.

Article Snippet: Lentivirus vectors carrying the overexpressed human eEF2K gene and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were designed and produced as “LV-EEF2K (100354-1).” The construct was bought from the Genchem Company (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Transfection, Microscopy, Over Expression, MTT Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Metformin upregulates circadian gene PER2 to inhibit growth and enhance the sensitivity of glioblastoma cell lines to radiotherapy via SIRT2/G6PD pathway

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1563865

Figure Lengend Snippet: Verify PER2 -KD and PER2 -OE cell models of the U87 and U251. (A–D) The relative mRNA levels of PER2 in U87- PER2 -KD, U87- PER2 -OE, U251- PER2 -KD and U251- PER2 -OE cells. (E–H) Western blotting analysis and densitometric quantification of the expression of PER2 proteins in U87- PER2 -KD, U87- PER2 -OE, U251- PER2 -KD and U251- PER2- OE cells. Data are expressed as the means ± SD. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. KD, knock down; OE, overexpression.

Article Snippet: PER2 knock-down and overexpression lentivirus with green fluorescence protein (GFP) were purchased from Shanghai GeneChem Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and the extent of GFP expression was observed with a fluorescence microscope.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Knockdown, Over Expression

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Metformin upregulates circadian gene PER2 to inhibit growth and enhance the sensitivity of glioblastoma cell lines to radiotherapy via SIRT2/G6PD pathway

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1563865

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validate the expression level of G6PD, SIRT2, PER2 in GBM cell lines. (A) The activity of G6PDH was measured in U87- PER2 -KD, U87- PER2 -OE cells. (B) The activity of G6PDH was measured in U251- PER2 -KD, U251- PER2 -OE cells. (C) Western blotting analysis of the expression of G6PD and SIRT2 proteins in U87- PER2 -OE cells. (D) Western blotting analysis of the expression of G6PD and SIRT2 proteins in U87- PER2 -OE cells. (E) Western blotting analysis of the expression of G6PD and SIRT2 proteins in U251- PER2 -KD cells. (F) Western blotting analysis of the expression of G6PD and SIRT2 proteins in U251- PER2- OE cells. Data are expressed as the means ± SD. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. KD: knock down, OE: overexpression.

Article Snippet: PER2 knock-down and overexpression lentivirus with green fluorescence protein (GFP) were purchased from Shanghai GeneChem Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and the extent of GFP expression was observed with a fluorescence microscope.

Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, Western Blot, Knockdown, Over Expression

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Metformin upregulates circadian gene PER2 to inhibit growth and enhance the sensitivity of glioblastoma cell lines to radiotherapy via SIRT2/G6PD pathway

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1563865

Figure Lengend Snippet: Clarify the influence of metformin on PER2 and SIRT2. (A) Representative fluorescence and densitometric quantification intensity of SIRT2 in Ctrl, U251- PER2 -KD, U251- PER2 -OE cells treated with/without metformin. (B) . Western blotting analysis of the expression of G6PD and SIRT2 proteins in U87- PER2 -KD GBM cells treated with/without metformin. (C) . Western blotting analysis of the expression of G6PD and SIRT2 proteins in U87- PER2 -OE GBM cells treated with/without metformin. Data are expressed as the means ± SD. * P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ** *P < 0.001. KD: knock down, OE: overexpression, Ctrl: control, Met: metformin.

Article Snippet: PER2 knock-down and overexpression lentivirus with green fluorescence protein (GFP) were purchased from Shanghai GeneChem Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and the extent of GFP expression was observed with a fluorescence microscope.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Western Blot, Expressing, Knockdown, Over Expression, Control

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: The expression level of APOA1 in different types of cancer. Differences in APOA1 expression between 33 normal and tumor tissues in TCGA from the TIMER2.0 database. B. Expression of APOA1 gene in different tumors determined by GEPIA2. C. Total protein expression of APOA1 in different cancers from the CPTAC dataset.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: The expression of APOA1 in different pathological stages of pan-cancer. A. Correlations between the APOA1 expression and tumor stage. B. The APOA1 expression in different pathological stages of KICH, LIHC, READ and THCA using GEPIA2. C. Evaluate the correlation between the expression of APOA1 and subtypes of BRCA, KIRC, LUAD, LUSC, and STAD by using GSCA.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation between APOA1 gene expression and survival prognosis of cancers. Correlation between APOA1 gene expression and survival prognosis of cancers. A. OS. B. DFS.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: The forest maps of APOA1 expression level with survival in different types of cancers. Association between APOA1 expression level and patients’ OS (A), DSS (B), DFI (C), and PFI (D).

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: The genetic and epigenetic features of APOA1 in pan-cancer. A. The alteration frequencies and different mutation types of APOA1 in pan-cancer according to cBioPortal dataset. B.The correlation between the mRNA obtained by APOA1 gene transcription in pan-cancer and the variation of CNA. C.The visualization of APOA1 mutation sites in pan-cancer. D.The promoter methylation levels of APOA1 in different types of cancer.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Methylation

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation between APOA1 expression and immune cells. Correlation between APOA1 expression and immune cell infiltration. Correlation was tested by Spearman methods. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: Co-expression of APOA1 in immune and stromal cells by Single-cell sequencing analysis A. The expression levels of APOA1 mRNA in some cancer cells. B. APOA1-associated single-cell analysis in the STAD_GSE134520 and STAD_GSE169297.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Sequencing, Single-cell Analysis

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation between APOA1 expression and immune infiltration. Correlations between the expression of APOA1 and (A) chemokine, (B) chemokine receptor, (C) immune stimulator, (D) immune inhibitor. Red and blue represent positive and negative correlations, respectively.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of the clinical relevance of APOA1 in GC. A-B. Prognostic significance of APOA1 in pancreatic cancer by univariate and multifactorial COX analysis. C. Nomogram based on APOA1 expression and pathological staging. D. Correction analysis diagram of the nomogram.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: The enrichment analysis of APOA1 co-expression genes in STAD. A. The APOA1 co-expression genes in STAD. B-C The top 50 genes were positively and negatively correlated with APOA1. D-G APOA1 and its co-expression genes in STAD analyzed by GO enrichment analysis (BP, CC, MF) and KEGG pathway approaches.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation of APOA1 with drug sensitivity.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Translational Oncology

Article Title: APOA1 promotes tumor proliferation and migration and may be a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target

doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2025.102344

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of APOA1 on proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro. A.CCK8 assay was used to assess cell proliferation in HGC27 and AGS cells (p < 0.05). B-C. The transwell assay was performed to assess cell migration and invasion in HGC27 and AGS cells (p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: After 24 h, Cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled overexpressed APOA1 lentivirus (KeyGEN BioTECH, Jiangsu, China).

Techniques: Migration, In Vitro, CCK-8 Assay, Transwell Assay